22 Eyl 2025 Pazartesi
Regional phytohelminthological studies on wheat in Azerbaijan and neighboring countries: Species composition, ecology, and phytosanitary strategies
Abstract : Phytohelmintological research conducted on wheat (Triticum spp.) in Azerbaijan and neighboring countries is one of the important scientific directions in ensuring phytosanitary safety in grain growing. Considering the strategic importance of wheat as a major food crop, damage caused by phytoparasitic nematodes has become an urgent problem for all agrarian zones of the South Caucasus, Central Asia and the southern regions of the Russian Federation. Among the most harmful and widespread species, cyst-forming nematodes of the genus Heterodera, as well as migratory and sessile root endoparasites of the genus Pratylenchus, are particularly noteworthy. The resistance of these nematodes to adverse environmental factors, their ability to survive in the soil for many years, and their negative impact on the root system of plants make them the object of constant monitoring by agroecologists and phytopathologists. The purpose of this section is a comparative analysis of phytohelminthological studies conducted in Azerbaijan, Turkey, Eastern Georgia, Armenia, the Southern Federal District of Russia, and Uzbekistan. The study analyzes nematode species, their biogeographical characteristics, trophic specializations, and life cycles, as well as control and preventive measures applied in different regions. A review of regional experience and scientific data can contribute to the development of more effective management strategies against phytoparasitic nematodes and the sustainable production-oriented development of wheat-based agrosystems. Phytohelminthological studies conducted in the South Caucasus, Central Asia, and southern regions of Russia play an indispensable role in ensuring the phytosanitary safety of grain growing.