06 Eki 2024 Pazar
Preliminary screening of selected tropical botanicals as cowpea protectants against cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptrea: Chrysomelidae: Bruchineae)
Abstract :A preliminary screening was conducted to
investigate the potentials of thirteen botanical powders as cowpea seed
protectant against cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus, Fabricius
using seed damage parameters. The botanicals included Azadirachta indica, Ekebergia
senegalensis, Urginea altissima, Ancistrophyllum
secundiflorum, Pseudocedrela kotschyi,
Lannea welwitschii, Xylopia
parviflora, Usteria guineensis and Antiaris toxicaria. Others
were Indigofera arrecta, Hoslundia opposita, Cleome ciliata and Lagerra aurita. All the botanicals,
except L. aurita, showed potentials
for cowpea protectant ability against the seed bruchid. Using Bruchid
Perforation Index (BPI) values, the most effective powders were A. indica (2.95), A. toxicoria (2.07) and H. opposita (2.64) which BPI values were
significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of L. aurita (26.46).
Percentage Seed damage (PSD)
varied with the studied botanicals (2.10-41.32%) and significantly (p<0.05)
lower in the botanical-treated seeds compared to the untreated control
(98.28%). The effective botanicals are, therefore, recommended for tropical
resource-poor subsistent farmers for use in their small scale cowpea
postharvest storage and for further studies to elucidate other effective
formulations and their active ingredients.
Botanical powders, Bruchid Perforation Index, Callosobruchus, grain protectant, seed
damage